History of the concept of information 5
In the fifties of the 20th Century began completely new influences on the concept of information act. Particularly effective was the derived from the messaging technology mathematical-statistical approach.
Another influential factor was after the 2nd World War II, the semiotics. Although the modern theory of signs to the 19th Century back, only now she began to gain influence. Charles W. Morris updated Signs, Language and Behaviour (1946) an everyday language concept of information by canceling out the moment the effect of characters on the receiver.
Based on questions of librarianship, document storage and business information processing information science wins in importance. It reflects the potential for automatic data processing in the form of punch-card processing and tube computers is taking shape. Information is understood as a formalized, machine-readable data. The challenges of data processing 1950 also bring the new concept of "information retrieval" produced with C. Mooers.
exerts the greatest impact of telecommunications. Ralph Hartley looks at the article "Transmission of Information" in 1928 with electrical transmission systems. Groundbreaking but is the work of Shannon and Weaver. Bordering the question clearly from cultural and social significance questions. Information in this technical context is a measure of freedom of choice when selecting a message from another. In the mathematical and statistical representation Shannon and Weaver's information "is a measure of the unlikelihood of the occurrence of a random event (1). created
Based on this concept of information theory and control engineering Norbert Wiener 1948 the concept of cybernetics. Transfer processes in matter, simple life forms or cultural communication can be analyzed using the same concept. Wiener summarizes cause the concept of information within the meaning of the impact of news, the state of any system.
This metatheory claimed cross-application and influenced significantly in the 60's technocratic dominated the social sciences and biology. She appeared in the society into it and seemed to ideas of a planned economy to legitimize Soviet model as well as a controlled company to the taste of De Gaulle. The neo-romantic youth movement of the sixties ushered in the preliminary decline of technocratic cybernetic visions.
( 1) Rafael Capurro: Information. A contribution to the etymology and history of ideas, information support of the concept. S 211th
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